onc brain

About · curated by Nick Boehling, MD · @nb2276

2026-05-18 ESTRO Congress 2026

Confirmatory

EXTEND

ForOligometastatic solid tumors, 1-5 metastases, on standard systemic therapy

Progression-free survival surrogate

HR 0.54

95% CI 0.41-0.72, p<0.001

TL;DRPFS HR 0.54 (0.41-0.72), p<0.001 for MDT added to SOC across 6 oligometastatic baskets; RT delivered 98% of MDT.

Why it mattersRadiation oncology

The prostate-excluded HR 0.60 (0.40-0.89) is the number that matters for an RT reader: the benefit survives removal of the two prostate baskets, where MDT is already routine. RT delivered 98% of MDT (370/379), so this is a radiotherapy result, though dose and fractionation are not reported in source.

Monday clinic

In a patient with 1-5 metastases from pancreas or a non-breast, non-kidney histology already on standard systemic therapy, this supports discussing MDT as an addition rather than a deferral; it does not resolve the breast or kidney question, where the baskets were inconclusive.

The longer read
13 details 5 trials watching

Multicenter randomized phase II basket trial, 6 histology baskets with basket-specific stratification and powering. Accrual 2018 to 2023, median follow-up 53 months.

Patients with 1-5 metastases on standard-of-care systemic therapy, allocated to breast, pancreas, kidney, two prostate baskets, or an "Other" basket. 521 screened, 350 randomized, 334 analyzed per protocol (MDT+SOC n=166; SOC n=168).

Radiotherapy delivered 98% of MDT (370/379 metastases), so this is effectively a radiotherapy trial. Dose, fractionation, technique and target-volume definition are not reported in source.

Primary: PFS, pre-specified in the per-protocol set at three levels (within each basket, across all baskets, and across all baskets excluding the prostate baskets). Exploratory: ctDNA and immune profiling.

All-basket PFS HR 0.54 (95% CI 0.41-0.72), p<0.001; excluding prostate, HR 0.60 (95% CI 0.40-0.89). Superiority in pancreas, prostate and "Other"; breast and kidney inconclusive. No per-basket effect sizes reported in source.

SABR-COMET randomized 99 patients across mixed histologies; STOMP and ORIOLE were prostate-only and smaller. EXTEND's contribution is scale plus histology resolution: it keeps a benefit when the prostate baskets are removed, which the prostate-only trials could not address.

patients with 1-5 metastases from pancreas, prostate, or the heterogeneous "Other" histologies on standard systemic therapy
Does not represent breast or kidney oligometastatic disease, where the baskets were inconclusive.

The primary analysis is per-protocol rather than ITT, and an unblinded PFS endpoint in a trial that ablates the very lesions being measured favors the intervention arm. The "Other" basket is a mixed-histology pool, so its superiority signal is the hardest of the three to carry into a single phase III.

The prostate-excluded HR 0.60 is the trial's most load-bearing number, since it shows the pooled result is not simply the prostate literature reasserting itself. The ctDNA correlations (detectable at enrollment with worse PFS and survival; clearance at 3 months with better survival) point at a biological rather than anatomic definition of oligometastasis, which is the more interesting question EXTEND raises without settling.

CONSORT flow
Randomized 350
MDT+SOC
allocated 166
SOC
allocated 168

Randomized phase II, per-protocol primary, histology-specific signals explicitly framed as hypothesis-generating for phase III. Consistent with SABR-COMET / STOMP / ORIOLE direction.

📚 Sources · 📄 1 paper
📄 PAPER Sherry; Haymaker; Wang et al. · Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (2026-05)
Addition of Metastasis-Directed Therapy to Standard of Care for Oligometastatic Solid Tumors: Primary Analysis of All Tumor-Histology Baskets of the Phase II Randomized EXTEND Trial.
Abstract
PURPOSE: We tested the hypothesis that adding metastasis-directed therapy (MDT) to standard of care (SOC) systemic therapy improves progression-free survival (PFS) among patients with oligometastatic disease.<br/><br/>METHODS: EXTEND was a multicenter randomized phase II trial. Patients with 1-5 metastases were randomized to MDT+SOC vs SOC in 1 of 6 baskets (breast, pancreas, kidney, two prostate baskets, and an "Other" basket) with basket-specific stratification and powering. PFS, the primary endpoint, was pre-specified in the per-protocol set within each basket, across all baskets, and across all baskets excluding the prostate baskets. Exploratory endpoints included circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and immune profiling.<br/><br/>RESULTS: From 2018 through 2023, 521 patients were screened, 350 were randomized, and 334 were analyzed per protocol (MDT+SOC, n=166; SOC, n=168). Radiotherapy was used as MDT for 98% of metastases (370/379). Overall, after median follow-up of 53 months, PFS was improved with MDT+SOC (HR 0.54, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.72, p < 0.001). Similarly, PFS was improved when excluding the prostate baskets (HR, 0.60; 95% CI: 0.40 to 0.89). Within each basket, PFS superiority was identified for the pancreas, prostate, and "Other" baskets, whereas the breast and kidney baskets were inconclusive. At enrollment, detectable ctDNA correlated with shorter PFS and survival; by contrast, ctDNA clearance 3-months post-enrollment correlated with improved survival. MDT+SOC-induced systemic immune activation was most pronounced among baskets demonstrating PFS superiority.<br/><br/>CONCLUSION: The phase II EXTEND trial supports the addition of MDT to SOC for oligometastatic disease. Histology-specific efficacy signals were identified for phase III testing. Translational insights suggest the potential for optimizing the definition of oligometastasis using ctDNA, and point to systemic immune responses as a possible mechanism of benefit from MDT.
📝 Sherry AD, Haymaker C, Wang S, Liu S, Bathala TK, Medina-Rosales MN, Seo A, Hara K, Reddy J, Chun SG, Mayo LL, Walker G, Pant S, Zhao D, Kovitz CA, Ramirez D, Ha CS, Smith BD, Gomez D, Cohen L, Koong AC, Reuben A, Tannir N, Corn PG, Tran PT, Siddiqui BA, Subudhi SK, Msaouel P, Ludmir EB, Tang C. Addition of Metastasis-Directed Therapy to Standard of Care for Oligometastatic Solid Tumors: Primary Analysis of All Tumor-Histology Baskets of the Phase II Randomized EXTEND Trial. J Clin Oncol. 2026 May 16:101200JCO2502856.

2026-05-17 ESTRO Congress 2026

Confirmatory

OligoCare

ForOligometastatic solid tumors treated with SABR, mixed primaries and lesion sites

TL;DRReal-world SABR local failure 5.0% at 1yr, 11.4% at 3yr across 2447 pts / 3533 lesions; CRC worst at 19.6%.

Why it mattersRadiation oncology

The actionable RT signal is minimum PTV dose, called the single most critical technical factor, and the de novo vs repeat OMD gap the authors attribute to higher delivered dose. CRC failed most (19.6% at 3yr) despite the highest median dose per fraction, which argues for escalation or combination rather than coverage alone. No dose thresholds are reported in source.

Monday clinic

For a prostate or NSCLC oligomet being planned for SABR, this real-world cohort supports expecting durable in-field control (8.1% and 9.8% failure at 3yr); it does not support the same expectation for a colorectal met, where 3yr failure reached 19.6%.

The longer read
OligoCare
PrimaryTotal1 year3 years
Colorectal5189.3%19.6%
Breast3784.1%11.3%
NSCLC5306.0%9.8%
Prostate10212.7%8.1%
+2 more figures
OligoCare
Cohort composition: 2447 pts, 3533 lesions, 57 institutions, median follow-up 31 months.
Cohort composition: 2447 pts, 3533 lesions, 57 institutions, median follow-up 31 months.
10 details 4 trials watching

Prospective EORTC OligoCare registry cohort, interim analysis. 57 institutions, enrolment July 2019 to July 2025. No randomisation and no comparator arm; technique and dose were chosen by the treating institution.

2447 eligible pts with 3533 lesions. Median age 69 (range 28-94), 69% male. Primaries reported for the local-control breakdown were prostate (1021), NSCLC (530), colorectal (518) and breast (378).

SABR to oligometastatic lesions across bone (869 non-vertebral, 515 spine), lung (807), non-regional nodes (558), liver (306), brain (231) and other (247) sites. Minimum PTV dose was the technical factor most associated with outcome; specific dose and fractionation schedules are not reported in source.

Local in-field progression, reported as cumulative incidence with 99% CI, at 1 and 3 years. Median follow-up 31 months, minimum 6 months.

Overall local in-field progression 5.0% at 1yr and 11.4% at 3yr, ie 88.6% local control at 3yr. By primary, colorectal was the outlier and prostate the best.

Randomised oligometastatic SABR trials (SABR-COMET, STOMP, ORIOLE) were built on much smaller, more selected cohorts and reported survival or progression endpoints rather than lesion-level in-field control at this scale. This registry does not test the SABR question those trials asked; it reports what in-field control looks like once SABR is delivered in routine multi-institutional practice.

oligometastatic pts selected for SABR at participating European centres, weighted toward prostate, NSCLC, colorectal and breast primaries and toward bone and lung targets
Does not represent pts managed without SABR, since no comparator arm exists, nor primaries too infrequent to appear in the per-tumor breakdown.

Dose and fractionation were institution-chosen, so the minimum-PTV-dose association is confounded by target site, prior irradiation and case selection. No PTV dose threshold, no per-primary dose data and no toxicity are reported in source, so the technical conclusion cannot be translated into a planning constraint.

The CRC finding is the one that changes a plan: worst local control despite the highest median dose per fraction points at intrinsic radioresistance rather than underdosing, and the authors call for escalation or combination strategies. The de novo versus repeat OMD gap is reported as a dose effect, which is plausible but is exactly the kind of comparison a registry cannot separate from the reasons a lesion is being re-treated.

Prospective multi-site registry, no randomised comparator, institution-chosen technique. Large real-world cohort supports existing SABR practice in OMD rather than testing it.

📚 Sources · 🐦 1 tweet